All 10 questions and answers
Try each question before you open the answer. Recalling first, then checking, is what makes a quiz stick (the testing effect).
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Which gas do plants take in for photosynthesis?
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Carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis turns carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using light energy. Oxygen is the product, not the input.
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Where does the oxygen released during photosynthesis come from?
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From water molecules that are split. In the light-dependent reactions, water is split and its oxygen is released. The oxygen atoms from carbon dioxide end up in glucose, not in the air.
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Where in the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions take place?
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In the thylakoid membranes. Chlorophyll and the electron transport chain of photosynthesis sit in the thylakoid membranes. The stroma is where the Calvin cycle runs.
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What does the Calvin cycle do?
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Uses ATP and NADPH to turn carbon dioxide into sugar. The Calvin cycle fixes carbon dioxide into sugar in the stroma, powered by the ATP and NADPH made in the light-dependent reactions.
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Why do most leaves look green?
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Chlorophyll reflects green light and absorbs mostly red and blue. Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light strongly and reflects much of the green, which is the light that reaches your eyes.
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What are the products of aerobic cellular respiration?
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Carbon dioxide, water and ATP. Glucose + oxygen gives carbon dioxide + water + energy stored as ATP. It is roughly photosynthesis run in reverse.
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Where does glycolysis take place?
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In the cytoplasm. Glycolysis splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules in the cytoplasm and does not need oxygen. The later stages happen in the mitochondria.
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Which stage of aerobic respiration produces the most ATP?
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The electron transport chain. Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle yield only a few ATP directly. Most ATP is made by oxidative phosphorylation, driven by the electron transport chain.
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What do human muscle cells produce when they run short of oxygen?
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Lactate (lactic acid). Without enough oxygen, muscle cells switch to lactic acid fermentation to keep glycolysis running. Yeast ferments to ethanol and carbon dioxide instead.
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Which organisms carry out cellular respiration?
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Both plants and animals. A common mix-up. Plants photosynthesize and also respire all the time, day and night, to release the energy stored in the sugar they make.
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